By john 
Global interdependence was long viewed as a stabilizing force in international relations. Economic integration, shared infrastructure, and cross-border gajahtoto networks were expected to reduce conflict. Recently, however, interdependence has increasingly been used as a tool of political leverage.
States exploit asymmetric dependencies. When one country controls critical resources, financial systems, or infrastructure, it can exert pressure on others. This leverage transforms economic ties into instruments of coercion.
Financial systems are a primary arena. Control over payment networks, reserve currencies, and banking access allows states to impose costs without military force. Financial sanctions and restrictions demonstrate how economic connectivity can be weaponized.
Trade interdependence also carries political risk. Dependence on foreign markets or suppliers creates vulnerability. Export controls, embargoes, and supply restrictions are used to influence political behavior and strategic decisions.
Technology networks intensify this dynamic. Control over software, platforms, and intellectual property enables states to restrict access to innovation. Technological dependencies become central to geopolitical competition.
Energy interdependence has long been politicized. States reliant on external energy supplies face strategic pressure during crises. Energy exporters may use supply manipulation to achieve political objectives.
Weaponized interdependence challenges traditional globalization. Trust erodes as states reassess the risks of openness. Governments increasingly prioritize resilience and diversification over efficiency.
Allies are not immune. Even friendly states face pressure when dependencies create unequal power relationships. This reality complicates alliance management and long-term cooperation.
Smaller states are particularly exposed. Limited alternatives increase vulnerability to coercion. These states seek diversification strategies, regional cooperation, or international support to reduce risk.
Global institutions struggle to respond. Existing rules were designed for cooperation, not coercion through interdependence. Enforcement mechanisms remain weak against subtle forms of economic pressure.
The long-term consequences are significant. As states weaponize interdependence, global systems fragment. Parallel networks and alternative institutions emerge, reducing overall connectivity.
In conclusion, the weaponization of interdependence marks a fundamental shift in global politics. Economic and technological ties are no longer neutral. Understanding how interdependence creates both cooperation and coercion is essential for navigating the evolving international system.